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Hello students and Parents!!! Make sure to check emails daily and please email any questions or concerns you may have. My contact information is above. I look forward to a great, fun year!
This week we will continue with genetics. We have a checkpoint over Mitosis and Meiosis on Monday/Tuesday. We will also be looking at Punnett Squares and the probability of traits. This Thursday we will have Charger Cinema. One more week till SPRING BREAK. Students if you have been out, please check out the videos and key vocabulary below. Thank you! Let's have a great week!! If you have any concerns, please email me.
Dominant- allele that produces a lot of protein and overshadows recessive traits represented with a capitol letter
Recessive- allele that produces a small amount of protein, Represented by a lower-case letter. Covered up by dominate traits
Homozygous- both alleles are the same-dominant or recessive.
Heterozygous- a hybrid each allele is different one is dominate and one is recessive
Genotype- describes an organism's complete set of alleles Ex: BB, bb, Bb
Probability- the likelihood of something happening
Punnett Square- used to predict the possible phenotypes between two genotypes
Videos
Previous Key Vocabulary and Videos
Sperm- Male sex cell (haploid)
Egg- Female sex cell (haploid)
Fertilization- a combination of egg and sperm to create a cell with a full set of chromosomes.
Diploid- containing a FULL (di=2) set of chromosomes= produced by Mitosis makes somatic (body) cells
Haploid- Containing a HALF set of chromosomes= Produced by Meiosis
Homologous Chromosomes- Chromosomes with similar genes ex: hair color, eye color
Alleles- variation of a trait (one side of a chromosome)
Chromosome- organized DNA in the shape of an “X”
Gene- segment of DNA holds instructions for making a protein.
Proteins- show the traits of an organism ex: hair color
Trait- characteristic passed down from parents, expressed by proteins.
Genetic Variation- differences in traits
Asexual Reproduction- cell production involving one parent cell to create an exact copy (clone) process known as Mitosis
Sexual reproduction- cell production involving 2 different parent cells to create offspring with genetic variety and diversity. Process known as Meiosis
Plant Kingdom- Contain Large trees and plants, autotrophs, contain a cell wall, multicellular, eukaryotes
Fungi- Some multicellular and some unicellular, eukaryotes, contain a cell wall, heterotrophs, some are decomposers and some are parasites
Protist- “Junk Drawer Kingdom”, range from unicellular to multicellular, some plant like, some are animal like, some are fungi like, mostly found in moist environments, some are heterotrophs and some are autotrophs, eukaryotes
More Complex, Chromosome- organized DNA, YOU are EUKARYOTE
Anaerobic respiration- type of respiration which cells can break down sugars to generate energy with NO OXYGEN.
Carries waste such as Carbon Dioxide away from the cells.
(Gas Exchange)
Semi-permeable - allows certain substances to pass through but not others ex: Cell membrane
Active Transport- the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from low concentration to a region of higher concentration (Needs energy) like riding a bike up hill.
Cytoplasm- gel-like fluid that fills up a cell. Holds organelles in place.
Nucleus (nucleolus) - holds organized DNA. The center of the cell that controls activities of the cell. The brain of a cell.
Mitochondria- energy produces energy for the cell, the powerhouse of a cell.
Chloroplast- in plant cells organelles that convert light energy into chemical energy (photosynthesis).
Cell- the basic building blocks of life
Tissue- a group of cells that have similar structure and function
Organ- a group of tissues that works together to perform a specific job
Organ System-groups of organs that work together to do a job for the body ex: digestive system breaks down food
Organism-a living thing made up of one or more cells and able to carry on the activities of life
Atoms: Building blocks of matter-made of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Molecules: two or more atoms joined together chemically (touching)
Elemental Molecule: molecule with the same atoms(same)
Compound Molecule: molecule with different atoms (different)
Diatomic Element molecule- Elements composed of only 2 of the same atoms. (di=2)
Monoatomic Elements- elements that are stable as single atoms. Elements composed of only 1 atom (mono=1)
Ionic Bonding-is the transfer of valence electrons between atoms of a molecule. This creates a chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged atoms.
Covalent Bond- valence electrons are shared between atoms. the atoms of both elements gain full outer shells.
Density- How much matter is in an object.
Chemical Equation: a formula for writing a chemical reaction starts with reactants and end with a product
Proton: Subatomic Particle in an atom with a positive charge found in the nucleus with neutrons
Electron- Subatomic particle in an atom with a negative charge equal to the number of protons, found in electron shells
Neutron- Subatomic Particle with a neutral or no charge holds protons together
Nucleus- center of an atom contains the protons and neutrons
Elements- CAN NOT be broken down. 118 different types of atoms with certain properties
Periodic Table: Table that arranges elements by number of protons/electrons and the properties that element has
Heterogenous- mixture that looks different
Solution- a homogenous mixture that all the particles are evenly distributed
Pure Substance- Made of one type of molecule that is chemically combined(connected). CANNOT be separated physically
Examples: River, lake, coffee cup. A container without a lid that is open to the environment
Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space
Mass- the amount of matter in a substance
States of matter- Solid, Liquid, Gas
Kinetic Energy- energy in motion
Potential Energy- stored energy at rest
Solid- molecules are closely packed together and contain the least amount of energy. Has definite shape and volume. Particle vibrate in place
Liquid- fluid takes the shape of its container. Particles flow over each other. Definite volume but no fixed shape.
Gas- has no definite shape or definite volume. Has the most energy and fills the area of its container. Particles move all around
Videos
How the Bones and Skeleton Work
How your Digestive System Works
How your Excretory System works
How your Skin Works (Integumentary)
How oxygen travels in the body
photosynthesis and cellular respiration
What would happen if You didn't drink water?
Atoms, molecules, and Elements
The great Picnic Mix up (Mixtures)
Cells, cells they are made of Organelles
***STATES OF MATTER SIMULATION***
States of matter simulation questions:
1.What happens to a SOLID when you INCREASE the temperature?
2.What happens to a GAS when you DECREASE the temperature?
3.Based on your findings from questions 1 and 2, how would you say that temperature and states of matter are related?
4.What happens when the container becomes half of its original size? Did the temperature and pressure go up? Did they go down?
5.What happens when you lower the volume of the container all the way to the bottom? Why did some students have explosions in their systems?
6.Did solids, liquids, and gasses all act the same when the volume was lowered?
7.Which particle listed does not act like the other particles when it is cooled from a liquid to a solid?
Bath Bomb Test
